Palmistry

The Fortune Teller, by Caravaggio (1594–95; Canvas; Louvre), depicting a palm reading

Palmistry or chiromancy (also spelled cheiromancy, Greek cheir (χειρ), “hand”; manteia (μαντεία), “divination”), is the art of characterization and foretelling the future through the study of the palm, also known as palm reading, or chirology. The practice is found all over the world, with numerous cultural variations. Those who practice chiromancy are generally called palmists, palm readers, hand readers, hand analysts,or chirologists.
The practice of chiromancy is generally regarded as a pseudoscience. The information outlined below is briefly representative of modern palmistry; there are many ― often conflicting ― interpretations of various lines and palmar features across various "schools" of palmistry.

History

Palmistry can trace its roots back to Chinese Yijing (I Ching), India in (Hindu) Astrology (known in Sanskrit as Jyotish) and Roma (gypsy) fortune tellers. The Hindu sage Valmiki is thought to have written a book, whose title translates in English as "The Teachings of Valmiki Maharshi on Male Palmistry", comprising 567 stanzas. From India, the art of palmistry spread to China, Tibet, Egypt, Persia and to other countries in Europe[citation needed]. From China, palmistry progressed to Greece[citation needed] where Anaxagoras practiced it. However, modern palmists often combine traditional predictive techniques with psychology, holistic healing, and alternative methods of divination also.

-Captain Casimir Stanislas D'Arpentigny published La Chirognomie in 1839
-Adrien Adolphe Desbarolles published Les Mysteres de la Main in 1859
-Katherine Saint-Hill founded the Chirological Society of Great Britain in 1889
-Edgar de Valcourt-Vermont (Comte de St Germain) founded the American Chirological Society in 1897
-Count Louis Hamon (Cheiro) published Cheiro's Language of the Hand in 1894
-William Benham published The Laws of Scientific Hand Reading in 1900
-Charlotte Wolff published works from 1936-1969, contributed to scientific chirology
-Noel Jaquin published works from 1925-1958, contributed to scientific chirology
-Arnold Holtzman (Psychodiagnostic Chirology)

Techniques

Palm of man's right hand

Chiromancy consists of the practice of evaluating a person's character or future life by "reading" the palm of that person's hand. Various "lines" ("heart line", "life line", etc.) and "mounts" (or bumps) (chirognomy) , purportedly suggest interpretations by their relative sizes, qualities, and intersections. In some traditions, readers also examine characteristics of the fingers, fingernails, fingerprints and palmar skin patterns (dermatoglyphics), skin texture and color, shape of the palm, and flexibility of the hand.

A reader usually begins by reading the person's 'dominant hand' (the hand he or she writes with or uses the most)(sometimes considered to represent the conscious mind, whereas the other hand is subconscious). In some traditions of palmistry, the other hand is believed to carry hereditary or family traits, or, depending on the palmist's cosmological beliefs, to convey information about past-life or karmic conditions.

The basic framework for "Classical" palmistry (the most widely taught and practiced tradition) is rooted in Greek mythology. Each area of the palm and fingers is related to a god or goddess, and the features of that area indicate the nature of the corresponding aspect of the subject. For example, the ring finger is associated with the Greek god Apollo; characteristics of the ring finger are tied to the subject's dealings with art, music, aesthetics, fame, wealth, and harmony.

Hand shape

Depending on the type of palmistry practiced, and the type of reading being performed, palmists may look at various qualities of the hand, including the shapes and lines of the palm and fingers; the color and texture of the skin and fingernails; the relative sizes of the palm and fingers; the prominence of the knuckles; and numerous other attributes of the hands.

In most schools of palmistry, hand shapes are divided into four or 10 major types, sometimes corresponding to the Classical elements or temperaments. Hand shape is believed to indicate character traits corresponding to the type indicated (i.e., a "Fire hand" would exhibit high energy, creativity, short temper, ambition, etc. - all qualities believed to be related to the Classical element of Fire).

Although variations abound, the most common classifications used by modern palmists:

Earth hands are generally identified by broad, square palms and fingers, thick or coarse skin, ruddy color, and . The length of the palm from wrist to the bottom of the fingers is usually equal to the length of the fingers.

Depending on the type of palmistry practiced, and the type of reading being performed, palmists may look at various qualities of the hand, including the shapes and lines of the palm and fingers; the color and texture of the skin and fingernails; the relative sizes of the palm and fingers; the prominence of the knuckles; and numerous other attributes of the hands.

In most schools of palmistry, hand shapes are divided into four or 10 major types, sometimes corresponding to the Classical elements or temperaments. Hand shape is believed to indicate character traits corresponding to the type indicated (i.e., a "Fire hand" would exhibit high energy, creativity, short temper, ambition, etc. - all qualities believed to be related to the Classical element of Fire).

Although variations abound, the most common classifications used by modern palmists:
Earth hands are generally identified by broad, square palms and fingers, thick or coarse skin, ruddy color, and . The length of the palm from wrist to the bottom of the fingers is usually equal to the length of the fingers.

Air hands exhibit square or rectangular palms with long fingers and sometimes protruding knuckles, low-set thumbs, and often dry skin. The length of the palm from wrist to the bottom of the fingers is usually less than the length of the fingers.

Water hands are seeable by the short, sometimes oval-shaped palm, with long, flexible, conical fingers. The length of the palm from wrist to the bottom of the fingers is usually less than the width across the widest part of the palm, and usually equal to the length of the fingers.

Fire hands are characterized by a square or rectangular palm, flushed or pink skin, and shorter fingers. The length of the palm from wrist to the bottom of the fingers is usually greater than the length of the fingers.

It’s easy to determine the dominant element and temperament in your own hand (Dominant Planets In Hand And Horoscope) The number and quality of lines can also be included in the hand shape analysis; in some traditions of palmistry, Earth and Water hands tend to have fewer, deeper lines, while Air and Fire hands are more likely to show more lines with less clear definition.

The lines (NEW)

The three lines found on almost all hands, and generally given most weight by palmists:

The heart line is the first of the major lines examined by a reader. It is found towards the top of the palm, under the fingers. In some traditions, the line is read as starting from the edge of the palm under the little finger and flowing across the palm towards the thumb; in others, it is seen as starting under the fingers and flowing toward the outside edge of the palm. Palmists interpret this line to represent matters of the heart, both physical and metaphorical, and believe it can indicate emotional stability, romantic perspectives, depression, and stoicism, in addition to various aspects of cardiac health.

The next line identified by palmists is the head line. This line starts at the edge of the palm under the index finger and flows across the palm towards the outside edge. Often, the head line is joined with the life line (see below) at inception. Palmists generally interpret this line to represent the person's mind and the way it works, including learning style, communication style, intellectualism, and thirst for knowledge. It is also believed to indicate a preference for creative or analytical approaches to information (i.e right brain or left brain).

Finally, readers look at perhaps the most controversial line on the hand, the life line. This line extends from the edge of the palm above the thumb and travels in an arc towards the wrist. This line is believed to represent the person's vitality and vigor, physical health and general well being. The life line is also believed to reflect major life changes, including cataclysmic events, physical injuries, and relocations. Contrary to popular belief, modern palmists generally do not believe that the length of a person's life line is tied to the length of a person's life.

Additional major lines or variations include:

A simian crease, or fusing of the heart and head lines, has special significance in that both emotional as well as reasoning nature have to be studied from this line alone. The peculiar line is thought to be a combination of the head and heart lines on such hands that are separately marked on the rest of the hands.

According to Cheiro, this line is thought to endow a person with an intensity of purpose or single-mindedness, the nature of which is decided upon by exact position of this line on the hand and the direction of any branches shooting from it, which is normally the case. In hands where such a line exists without any branches as a singular mark, it indicates an extremely intense nature and special care is needed for such persons.

The normal position for the line is starting below the index finger and ending where normally the heart line terminates at the edge of the hand below the little finger, indicating average interests for the person and the intense side of the nature is decided purely by the direction of any branches shooting from it. The upper half of the palm lying immediately below the fingers is considered to represent the higher or intellectual nature and the lower half of the palm to represent the materialistic side of the nature.

If one of these halves is larger than the other as decided by the central placement of the head line or in this case the single transverse palmar crease it shows greater development of that aspect of the nature. Based on this general principle, if this line is placed below its normal position it indicates an intensely intellectual nature; if it is placed above its normal position it indicates an intensely materialistic nature and interests. The direction in which any branches may be found shooting from this line have a significant impact on the nature of this line resulting in suitable modifications from the above defined results depending on the nature of the mounts on the hand. For instance, if a branch from this line shoots to the mount of Moon lying on the lower edge of the hand exactly opposite the thumb, it indicates an intensely vacillating nature and emotional temperament.

The fate line runs from the bottom of the palm near the wrist, up through the center of the palm towards the middle finger. This line is believed to be tied to the person's life path, including school and career choices, successes and obstacles. Sometimes this line is thought to reflect circumstances beyond the individual's control, or alternately the person's choices and their consequences.

Other minor lines:

Sun Line - parallel to the Fate Line, under the ring finger; believed to indicate fame or scandal
Girdle of Venus - starts between the little and ring fingers, runs in a rough arc under the ring and middle fingers to end between the middle and pointer fingers; thought to relate to emotional intelligence and the ability to manipulate.

Union Lines - short horizontal lines found on the percussive edge of the palm between the Heart Line and the bottom of the little finger; believed to indicate close relationships, sometimes - but not always - romantic.

Mercury Line - runs from the bottom of the palm near the wrist, up through the palm towards the little finger; purported to be an indicator of persistent health issues, business acumen, or skill in communication.

Travel Lines - these are horizontal lines found on the percussive edge of the palm between the wrist and the heart line; each line is said to represent a trip taken by the subject - the longer the line, the more important the trip is to the subject.

Other Markings - these include stars, crosses, triangles, squares, tridents, and rings under each of the fingers; their supposed impact and meaning varies by location on the palm and freedom from other interfering lines.

"Apollo Line" - the Apollo line means to have a fortunate life; it travels from the Mount of the Moon at the wrist to beneath the Apollo finger.

The mounts (NEW)

The mounts in PalmistryJupiter, Saturn, Apollo, Mercury, Mars positive, Mars negative, plain of mars, Luna mount, Neptune mount, Venus mount.

Cheirognomy is the study of mounts in chiromancy, the art of characterization and foretelling the future through the study of the palm of the hand. Each mount correlates to a planetary influence in the astrological sense. The thumb, Rhea, is above the mount of Venus. The index finger, ruled by Jupiter, is above the mount of Jupiter. The middle finger, ruled by Saturn, is above the mount of Saturn. The ring finger, ruled by Apollo/the Sun God, is above the mount of Apollo. The little finger, ruled by Mercury, is above the mount of Mercury. Lower Mars mount is located beneath the mount of Jupiter, the plain of Mars is located in the center of the palm (beneath the mount of Saturn), and upper Mars mount is located beneath the mounts of Apollo and Mercury. Earth mount is located on the fleshy mount created on the back side of the hand when the thumb and index finger are pushed against each other. The mount of Luna (or Moon) is located on the lower part of the palm directly below the lower plain of Mars.

Science and skeptics

A considerable amount of research into palm crease and fingerprint whorl variations has been undertaken in mainstream scientific journals, generally with respect to the usefulness of these phenotypic markers in diagnosing genetic medical disorders. Such research has uncovered strong correlations between both the single palmar crease and aberrant fingerprints and chromosomal disorders such as cri du chat syndrome (chromosome), aberrations on chromosome, Noonan syndrome (chromosome), Patau syndrome (chromosome), Edward's syndrome (chromosome 18), Down syndrome (chromosome), and Aarskog-Scott syndrome.

Aberrent digit length, which can include having one or more unusually short fingers (brachydactyly) or severely incurved fingers (clinodactyly). has also been scientifically correlated with numerous genetic chromosomal disorders and congenital syndromes.

John T. Manning has linked digit ratios to other conditions, such as prenatal androgen exposure, sexual dimorphism, homosexuality, depression, reproductive success, and musical aptitude.

There has been little widely accepted research verifying palmistry's accuracy as a system of character analysis, and so far no conclusive evidence has been provided to support a connection between the lines of the palm and a person's character beyond what could be deduced from analyzing that the person suffered from a chomosomal disorder or belonged to a certain statistical group based on their digit ratio. No conclusive data have yet been found to support the claims made by hand readers with respect to life expectancy or personality type.

Skeptics often include palmists on lists of alleged psychics who practice a technique called cold reading. Cold reading is cited as the practice that allows readers of all kinds, including palmists, to appear psychic. Although fortune telling is much less common today in mainstream palmistry than it was in the past, sceptics almost always associate palmistry with fortune telling rather than reading character.

Science and skeptics

A considerable amount of research into palm crease and fingerprint whorl variations has been undertaken in mainstream scientific journals, generally with respect to the usefulness of these phenotypic markers in diagnosing genetic medical disorders. Such research has uncovered strong correlations between both the single palmar crease and aberrant fingerprints and chromosomal disorders such as cri du chat syndrome (chromosome), aberrations on chromosome, Noonan syndrome (chromosome), Patau syndrome (chromosome), Edward's syndrome (chromosome 18), Down syndrome (chromosome), and Aarskog-Scott syndrome.

Aberrent digit length, which can include having one or more unusually short fingers (brachydactyly) or severely incurved fingers (clinodactyly). has also been scientifically correlated with numerous genetic chromosomal disorders and congenital syndromes.

John T. Manning has linked digit ratios to other conditions, such as prenatal androgen exposure, sexual dimorphism, homosexuality, depression, reproductive success, and musical aptitude.

There has been little widely accepted research verifying palmistry's accuracy as a system of character analysis, and so far no conclusive evidence has been provided to support a connection between the lines of the palm and a person's character beyond what could be deduced from analyzing that the person suffered from a chomosomal disorder or belonged to a certain statistical group based on their digit ratio. No conclusive data have yet been found to support the claims made by hand readers with respect to life expectancy or personality type.

Skeptics often include palmists on lists of alleged psychics who practice a technique called cold reading. Cold reading is cited as the practice that allows readers of all kinds, including palmists, to appear psychic. Although fortune telling is much less common today in mainstream palmistry than it was in the past, sceptics almost always associate palmistry with fortune telling rather than reading character.

A Review on Palmistry

Palmistry is a method of interpreting the shape of the hand and the lines of the palm, to project the character and possible life experiences of an individual. The science is divided into two broad areas: the study of hand structure, or cheirology, and the study of the lines of the palm, or cheiromancy. The modern theory is that the lines of the hand represent a graphic shorthand of the circuits of the brain. The nerve group that controls the hands is exactly in the centre of the brain, and all the electrical energies of our thinking pass through it. Palmists feel that the lines on the hand are formed in some relation to thought patterns, nerve linkages, or even chromosomal structures.

Hand Type

Types of Hands: The essence of palmistry lies in identifying the hand type, which can be attributed to individual characteristics:

Hand Type

The Elementary Hand: This is characterized by stiff, heavy, short fingers and a short thumb. Other traits are a thick, hard, square palm, shapeless fingertips, and rough and leathery skin. The person with the elementary hand displays a lack of enthusiasm and imagination. They show a general indifference to life, and are concerned only with daily existence. This person is largely intolerant of a nasty situation, and can get violent when provoked.Profession: This hand is characteristic of labourers and those involved in violent sports, like boxing.

The Spatulate Hand: As the name suggests, the fingers of this hand are flattened like a spatula. The most characteristic feature is the large thumb. It is extremely broad near the base and tapers towards the fingers. This hand belongs to the imaginative. These people have a love for invention and discovery. They have a quest for knowledge, and a restless and excitable nature. They are energetic and dexterous, and thrive on taking risks.Profession: People with this hand are mainly artisans, inventors, explorers, navigators, astronauts, and engineers.

The Psychic Hand: This is a small and slender hand, characterized by smooth fingers. The palm is medium in size, and the nailed phalanges are long and tapering. The thumb is small and elegant. People with this hand have a visionary and dreamy nature. They are interested in occult sciences. Persons with this hand shape lead a chaotic life, characterized by a lack of discipline. Profession: This hand usually belongs to those with a deep interest in the occult, such as magicians and clairvoyants.

The Conical Hand: This hand has smooth fingers, the nails of which are shaped like cones, giving the hand its name. The palm is broad, thick and large, and the thumb is also unusually huge. People with this hand are usually connoisseurs of the arts with superb communication skills, and a love for the arc lights. He lives life on a purely sensual level. On the flip side, this person is impulsive and has a short temper. Profession: This hand is characteristic of those in the creative field, like painters, sculptors, musician and poets.

The Square Hand: The square hand has a square palm, a square wrist, and the fingertips are also square. While the fingers are largely knotty, this hand is characterized by a large thumb and a square finger base. People with square hands are blessed with perseverance. They are downright conventional and love general order. They are honest and reliable, and like to lead disciplined lives, with little imagination. Profession: This hand usually belongs to businessmen, executives, lawyers, doctors, scientists and engineers.

The Intellectual Hand: This is a long and angular hand, with bony fingers and knotty joints. The palm is large and bony, and the nailed phalanges are part conical and part square. The philosophic hand belongs to those who spare a thought for the less fortunate. They are blessed with the ability to understand the metaphysical aspect of life. They are gifted with analytical powers and are adept at keeping secrets. Profession: This hand usually belongs to teachers, thinkers and world leaders.

Finger Type

Finger Type

The Shape of Fingers

Pointed fingers: People with pointed fingers are cautious, intelligent and flexible in different situations. They are gifted conversationalist, and would choose a career that would allow them to interact with people. As intellectual visionaries, they lean towards spiritualism. They also have a deep interest in the aesthetic, and a yen for innovation. This could cause a battle between creative pursuits and practical reasoning.

Conical Fingers: These people are sensitive to beauty. They takes great care to dress well, and like to live in pleasant surroundings. They are intellectual and talented idealists. They are blessed with the power of thinking on their feet, they assess situations quickly. They have firm convictions and are even gifted with psychic powers in some instances. However, they must be careful and not let their emotions get the better of them.

Square Fingers: These people are blessed with sound business acumen, and like to put all problems through a wringer. They are practical and down-to-earth. They are also conventional, and like to adhere to social norms. They are methodical and systematic.

Spatulate Fingers: These people are pragmatic, and have a realistic approach to life. They have a taste for travel and outdoor life. As go-getters, they will always looks for the bigger piece of the pie. They also value work as top priority. They are creative, active and energetic.

Straight Fingers: These people are frank and forthright. They face the danger of being taken for a ride, due to their honest nature. They are diligent, energetic and impulsive. They also have a clear thought process, and know how to articulate their feelings. These people are invariably great achievers.

Knotty Fingers: These people are extremely practical, and plan every move they make. They are calculative, and the idea of taking a risk does not appeal to them. This takes away much of the spontaneity from their life. Since they plan so much in advance, they do not learn the art of living life day-to-day. Their constant planning and worrying can make them nervous and jittery.

Thumb Type

Thumb Type

The Thumb: The Mount of Venus at the base of the thumb is very indicative of a person's passions. A high, well-proportioned Mount means that the individual is full of energy, is outgoing, has a great deal of interest in life, and can be very vital and enthusiastic. Those whose Mount of Venus is flat, like a plateau, are very energetic. They like brainy pursuits, their friends are characters who resist the active mainstream of life, and their sense of discipline works best with specific mental activities, like the pursuits of writers, sculptors, lawyers, community organizers, and rock climbers. The shape of the thumb's tip is a strong indicator of the inner power. A pointed or conical thumb shows an impulsive nature and a person being perceptive, while a square thumb is a sign of common sense. A bulbous tip indicates a violent temper, and a tip that bends far back shows a far-out personality, usually artistic or involved in an exotic mental pursuit. A person with a flat-tipped thumb is impatient and full of nervous energy.

Life Line

Life Line

The Life Line: The life line starts between the thumb and the index finger. It then touches the wrist, curving widely around the thumb. This line indicates longevity, vitality, and the quality of life. An absent life line shows a sluggish and high-strung person, with a tremendous nervous energy. A long and regular line indicates an excellent equilibrium and a healthy constitution. A faint line indicates a lack of endurance, or a dull and uneventful life. If the line is forked at its begining, it shows the person as just, truthful, loyal and dependable. On the other hand, if the line ends in a fork, the person suffers from frail health and experiences a lack of energy. A forked line leading to the Mount of Jupiter is a sign of success, recognition and glory. If the line forks to the Mount of Moon, travel to distant places is indicated. A faint line indicates a life of misery, while a clear line suggests a smooth life. A double line is typical of the security offered by a loved one of the opposite sex. It also indicates a healthy sexual life. Branches in the life line make a strong statement about the fortunes of the individual. While upward branches show achievement, glory and success, drooping branches indicate financial, social and emotional loss. A long and deep line shows an abundance of energy, and single-minded determination to reach goals.

Head Line

Head Line

The Head Line: The head line runs horizontally from the middle of the palm to the heart line. It governs memory, intelligence and reasoning. If the line is short, the person is intelligent and intuitive. A straight line represents a person who lives life on a totally materialistic level. If the line is absent, it indicates lethargy and in extreme cases insanity. A long and straight line shows an ambitious person with an excellent memory. If the line splits the palm in half, the person is sadistic, abusive and brutal. A double line reveals a talented person with a flair for business. If the line is short and faint, it shows limited intelligence and poor memory. A short line distinguishes a person as short sighted, morose, and lacking in concentration. The head line can also be interpreted with relation to other lines. If this line is widely separated from the life line, it suggests a person who is independent, impulsive and rash. We can also read the branches of a line. Rising branches from the line show high aspirations without focus. Drooping branches indicate incessant grief and a string of disappointments. A hooked line is indicative of a self-indulgent person, who could also be a traitor. If it is set low in the palm, the person could be greedy and frugal.

Heart Line

Heart Line

The Heart line: The heart line runs horizontally across the upper palm, surrounding the mounts of Mercury, Apollo and Saturn. The length of the line has a general impact on a person's health. It rules a person's emotions and relationships. An absent line is indicative of a person high on logic and reason, who could even be ruthless in order to reach the top. The length of the line plays an important role in determining a person's attitude to relationships. While a short line indicates a highly self-centred person, a long line belongs to a person who has a highly idealistic vision of love. A very long line, touching both sides of the palm, shows a person highly dependent on relationships. This could even lead to promiscuity. A deep and straight line indicates jealousy and criminal tendencies. On the flip side, if the line is clear and deep, the person is sincere, respectful and considerate. A deep line indicates a highly stressful life. Branches arising from the line suggest a strong interest in the opposite sex. If the line has drooping branches, it shows a poor relationship. The heart line can also be read in relation to other lines. If the heart line touches the head line and the life line, the person is likely to experience a betrayal of love. A slight curve towards the head line shows a person with an intellectual bend of mind.

Fate Line

Fate Line

The Fate Line: This line rises from the base of the palm, and touches the Mount of Saturn, dividing the palm into halves. An absent fate line shows a person who is self-made and diligent. These people plan their entire life with meticulous detail, and leaves very little to chance. One fork to the Mount of Venus is indicative of a person with strong musical and literary pursuits. These people will almost always achieve celebrity status. The line ending in a fork on the Mount of Saturn shows a prudent, discreet and mysterious person. If the line forks towards the Mount of Mercury, the person is an achiever, with a gift for persuasion. A fork towards the Mount of Jupiter shows a person with a pleasant humanitarian approach. These people are also natural leaders. A fork in the beginning shows a traumatic childhood. This will lead to conflict, but the person will choose the right path later in life. A double line implies insecurity.The branches of the fate line indicate the rise and fall of fortunes. A rising fate line indicates a successful career with great opportunities for prosperity. Dropping lines mean heavy losses, failure, and disappointments. A wavering line shows an indecisive and lethargic person who lives life on a totally materialistic level. An unusually deep line reveals an inheritance, and success that is handed down.

The Mounts

The Mount of Jupiter: This is situated at the base of the index finger. A well-developed mount is indicative of the person's leadership qualities. This person is also just, honest, optimistic and sociable. If the mount is flat, the person lacks confidence and a good personality. If the mount is over developed, the person is arrogant, proud, idle and egoistic. A small line between the Heart and Head lines on this mount indicates acquisition of wealth.

The Mount of Saturn: This mount is situated at the base of the middle finger. If it is well developed, the person possesses a good sense of responsibility and is concerned with seeking wisdom. If overdeveloped, with long fingers, the person is cold, distant and an introvert. If the mount is flat, the person is outgoing and optimistic.

The Mount of Apollo: This mount is set at the base of the ring finger. If the mount is well developed, the person is warm and optimistic, radiating enthusiasm. If it is flat, the person is cold and cynical, lacking appreciation of the finer things in life. If it is overdeveloped, this person is brash, insensitive, and loves to hear the sound of his/her own voice.

The Mount of Mercury: This mount is situated at the base of the little finger. A well-developed mount is indicative of a person who loves to travel a lot, and is a go-getter. If it is overdeveloped, the person is a glib talker and a consummate liar. This person is also the regular Casanova. If it is flat, the person is shy, diffident or just plain dull.

The Mount of Moon: This is situated at the base of the palm, opposite the thumb. A well-developed mount shows a person who is compassionate, caring, creative and blessed with an incredible zest for life. If it is flat, it shows imagination and a sense of empathy.

The Mount of Venus: This is set under the thumb. If the mount is well developed, the person is warm and generous. This person leads an active social life, and is an interesting companion. If over developed, it shows an extremely greedy person, who eagerly grabs worldly pleasures with both hands. If it is flat, it shows a lack of vitality and passion, and the person is cold and selfish.

The Mount of Mars: The upper Mars mount lies between the head line and beginning of the heart line. The lower Mars mount is near the thumb, at the beginning of the heart line. The middle Mars mount, is in the centre of the palm. A very soft plane of Mars shows a highly self-centered person. A thick, well-developed, and firm Mars plane shows abounding energy and an outgoing nature.